Sports Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery

Knee

Common problems include ACL and other ligament injuries, meniscal and cartilage injuries, and patellar instability. Not every injury requires immediate surgery. A useful starting point is the guide to ACL tears (in Polish); separate resources also cover meniscal injuries (in Polish) and management after a first patellar dislocation (in Polish). Treatment depends on stability, activity, the type of injury and associated damage.

Shoulder

Shoulder reconstruction may address instability, labral injuries or rotator cuff tears. Recurrent dislocations or a feeling that the shoulder is slipping out require assessment of possible bone loss as well as soft-tissue damage. The Shoulder — Sports Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery section links to available resources, including the guide to recurrent shoulder instability (in Polish).

Hip

In active people, hip pain may be related to femoroacetabular impingement, labral injury or overload of the tissues around the joint. The detailed guide is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) and Hip Labral Injury (in Polish); it also discusses the problem in the context of sport.

Ankle

After an ankle sprain, stability, ligament injury and persistent symptoms suggesting additional pathology are important. Separate guides discuss osteochondral lesions of the talus (in Polish) and criteria for returning to sport after an ankle sprain (in Polish).

When an orthopaedic surgeon considers arthroscopy or reconstruction

Arthroscopy and Reconstructive Surgery (in Polish) do not represent one universal operation. The procedure depends on the specific structure, the type of injury, tissue quality and the patient’s needs.

Return to sport

Return-to-activity decisions should not depend only on the number of weeks since injury or surgery. Pain and swelling control, strength, stability, range of motion, load tolerance and the demands of the particular sport all matter. Return-to-sport resources refer to the relevant condition or injury to keep clinical information consistent.